A. Definition of Scientific Writing
Scientific writing is a product of scientific activity. Talking about scientific products, we must imagine the activities undertaken to generate new scientific findings, namely research. Indeed scientific findings made through research, but not only the research is the only scientific paper.
Scientific papers is an article that discusses a problem. Discussion was conducted on the basis of investigations, observations, data collection obtained through a study. Scientific writing through this research using systematic scientific methods to obtain scientific answers to the problems studied. To clarify the scientific answers, based on research, writing scientific papers can only be done after a problem arises, which is then discussed through the research and conclusions of the study.
Scientific writing as a means of scientific communication that uses a systematic form of writing that can be accepted by the scientific community through a systematic writing agreed. In scientific writing scholarly characteristics of a work should be empirically reliable and objective. Techniques of scientific writing has two aspects that make a statement in writing style and techniques of scientific notation in naming the source of scientific knowledge used in writing. Scientific writing should use language that is good and true. A sentence that can not be identified which is the subject and predicate and what is the relationship between subject and predicate likely represents information that is not clear. The use of the word should be properly means we must choose the words that match what the message should be conveyed.
In a study used as writing material scientific paper quoted another person as a basis or as a foundation for preparing the study. This scientific statement is used for various purposes in accordance with the form of arguments. The statement can be used as a definition in explaining a concept, or can be used as a premise in making a conclusion on an argument.
Scientific statement that we should use in writing should include several things, namely:
Must can we identify the person making the statement.
Must can we identify the scientific communication media in which the statement conveyed whether in papers, books, seminars, workshops and so forth.
Must be able to diindentifikasikan institution that issued the scientific publication and its place of domicile and the time of publication it is done. Had scientific publication is not published it must be mentioned the place, time and the institution conducting the activity.
The way we put those three things in scientific writing technique called scientific notation. There are a variety of scientific notation technique which basically reflects the nature and elements in common.
This book gives examples of techniques that use scientific notation footnote (footnote). Footnotes is the statement from which we quote. In addition, the footnotes can be used as additional information that is not directly related to the statement in the body text.
Quotations are used in scientific writing there are two types of direct quotations and indirect quotations. Direct quotation is a statement we write in scientific writing the original sentence structure without having the slightest change. Indirect quotation is a quotation or a statement of opinion of other people by making changes in the quoted sentence tailored to the author's own language.
B. Requirements for Scientific Writing
Scientific writing is the embodiment of scientific activities that are communicated through written language. Scientific writing is the essay or paper that presents the facts and written using a standard method of writing.
The things that must exist in the scientific works, among others:
Scientific papers containing scientific ideas through the mind and train of thought.
The beauty of writing lies in the wake of scientific thought with elements that support it.
The flow of thought set forth in the systematics and notation.
Scientific papers consist of the following elements: words, figures, tables, and drawings, arranged to support the regular flow of thought.
Scientific writing should be able to express the principles embodied in the nature of science with respect to the rules of language.
Scientific writings consisted of a series of narrative (storytelling), exposition (exposure), description (painting) and arguments (reasons).
Scientific work is a paper that discusses a problem. The discussion is based on the investigation, observation, data collection obtained from a study.
Scientific writing should have a scientific idea that in writing it must have problems and problem-solving using a train of thought in solving problems. Lines of thought are embodied in the methods of research. Scientific research method in essence is the operationalization of the scientific method. In other words that the structure of the thinking behind the steps in scientific research is the scientific method.
The method used to express a sense of problem solving as follows:
The study is a systematic and organized effort to investigate the specific problem that needs solving.
Scientific mode which is used to obtain data for specific purposes.
Scientific way based on rational methods and empirical methods and the method kesisteman.
The research includes the process of examination, investigation, testing and experimentation that should diilakukan systematic, industrious, critical, objective, and logical.
Research can be defined as a systematic scientific investigation or inquiry, and critical data organized based on specific problems that made it objectively for a resolution or answer to the problem.
The method of writing scientific papers referring to the method of disclosure of the fact that usually originates from the research with a variety of methods used. Scientific writing can also be referred to as research reports.
Research reports are written in accordance with the purpose of the report was made or intended for the purposes required. Research reports can be written in two kinds, namely as a documentation and a publication. The second difference lies scientific paper on the writing format.
Most scientific papers is a publication of research results. Thus the format used in scientific writing is determined by the contents of research that describes the method or systematic research. Research methods in general can be divided into four macam.yaitu which is based on the results of quantitative research, qualitative research, the results of literature review, and the work of development.
Scientific papers containing results of this study can be differentiated based on the intended target by the author. Scientific writing for the benefit of the academic community in the form of theses, theses, and dissertations. Scientific writing for the benefit of the academic community is technical, contains what is studied in full, why it was researched, how to conduct research, the results obtained, and conclusions of the study. Its contents are presented in a straightforward and. objective. Scientific writing for the public interest is usually presented in the form of the article is more likely to present the results of research and application of research results in scientific substance.
Of the various forms of scientific writing, scientific writing have special requirements. Terms of scientific writing are:
Scientific paper systematically presents the facts objectively or presents an application of natural law in specific situations.
Scientific papers are written in precise, accurate, true, honest and not conjectural. Honest in the sense of ethical behavior contained scientific author ie mencantukan clear references and quotations.
Scientific papers have been prepared systematically planned every step in a controlled, conceptual and procedural.
This paper presents a series of scientific cause and effect with understanding and reason indusif that encourages the reader to draw conclusions.
Scientific writings contain views that accompanied the support and verification based on a hypothesis
Scientific papers contain only factual truth and therefore will not provoke questions pitched doubt. Authors of scientific papers should not be manipulating the facts, and not to be ambitious and prejudiced, the presentation must not be emotive.
Based on the description above, then in writing scientific papers requires preparation that can be helped with the writing frame. In addition, scientific papers must adhere to the format accepted.
